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Giant Knotweed Extract Resveratrol””£µ£°£„£££¹£¹£„
Traditional
Andmodernuses:
Huzhang ("tiger cane") or giant
knotweed is an east Asian species (Polygonum cuspidatum), belonging to
the Polygonaceae family. Documented uses in traditional Chinese medicine
date to the first century BC, and contemporary medical uses supported by
clinical results include acute microbial infections or viral hepatitis,
chemo- or radiation-induced leukocytopenia, atherosclerosis, and
hyperlipidemia.
Pharmacology:
In animal experiments, huzhang has
exhibited antitussive, antihistaminic, hypotensive, vasodilating,
cytotoxic, and antioxidant properties, among others. Huzhang is also a
concentrated source of resveratrol (3,5,4”Ā-trihydroxy stilbene), an
antioxidant phenol produced in response to fungi. Resveratrol has also
shown antimutagenic activity in bioassays conducted on bacteria in vitro
(umu and Ames tests). And, in a recent investigation conducted in vivo
and in vitro, resveratrol displayed chemopreventive effects at three
critical stages of carcinogenesis. Specifically, resveratrol was found
to 1) induce phase II drug metabolizing enzymes (antiinitiation); 2)
mediate anti-inflammatory effects and inhibit cyclooxygenase and
hydro-peroxidase (antipromotion); and 3) induce human promyelocytic
leukemia cell diferentiation (antiprogression). Resveratrol was also
found to inhibit the development of preneoplastic lesions in vitro and
tumorigenesis in vivo. Very recently, it was reported that Huzhang
extract is one of the best active-oxygen scavengers for the prevention
of skin aging induced by UV-irradiation and free radical. Experiments
conducted in vivo indicate that resveratrol is a potent vasodilator and
inhibitor of platelet aggregation. Recent work in dogs and humans
indicate that other concentrated sources of resveratrol (i.e., red wine
and grape juice) eliminate cyclic blood-flow reductions caused by
platelet-mediated thrombosis.
Active Compounds:
Huzhang is characterized by anthraquinones and their glycosides,
napthoquinone, 3,5,4”Ā-trihydroxy stilbene (i.e., resveratrol), piceid,
fallacinol, citreorosein, questin, questinol, protocatechuic acid, (+)
catechin, 2,5-dimethyl-7- hydroxychromone,
7-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-methylcoumarin, flavonols, polysaccharides, and
condensed tannins.
Regulatory Status:
Under U.S. law, huzhang
extract is regulated as a dietary supplement. As of this writing, no
European governments had issued monographs or regulations for
nutraceutical uses of huzhang. NOTE: The statements in this publication
have not been evaluated by the FDA.
Selected Reference:
Encyclopedia of Chinese Drugs. Jiangsu Institute of Modern Medicine,
Shanghai Scientific and Technical Publications, 1977. [Chinese]
Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Foods, Drugs, and
Cosmetics, by Albert Leung, Ph.D. and Steven Foster. Hitoshi Masaki et
al. Biol Pharm Bull. 18, 162-166, 1995. Huang WZ. Fujian Zhongyiyao,
18(4), 27, 1987. [Chinese] Kimura Y et al. Planta Med, 48, 164, 1996.
Meishang Jang et al. Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a
natural product derived from grapes. Science, vol. 275, 218-220, 1997.
Orsini, F. et al. Isolation, synthesis, and antiplatelet aggregation
activity of resveratrol 3-O-b-D glucopyranoside and related compounds. J
Nat Prod. 60:1082-87, 1997. Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry, Medicinal
Plants, by Prof. Jean Bruneton. Lavoisier Tec & Doc/Intercept Ltd.,
1995. Records of Chinese Materia Medica Vol. 1. Institute of Materia
Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1982. [Chinese]
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